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We serve the public by pursuing a growing economy and stable financial system that work for all of us.

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We examine economic issues that deeply affect our communities.

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We conduct world-class research to inform and inspire policymakers and the public.

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We explore policy topics that are important for advancing prosperity across our region.

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Indian Country

The Ninth District includes many Native nations and Indigenous communities, and our research focuses on key issues that affect those who live and work in Indian Country, including access to capital, federal contracting, taxation, and expanding available data.
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Center for Indian Country Development

The Center for Indian Country Development (CICD) supports the prosperity of Native nations and Indigenous communities through actionable data and research that make substantial contributions to public policy. As a research and policy institute headquartered at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, CICD supports the Minneapolis Fed’s mission to serve the public by pursuing a growing economy and stable financial system that work for all of us.

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A neighborhood on the Cheyenne River Sioux Reservation in South Dakota is seen from a distance on a cloudy day in late autumn. Overlaying the Cheyenne River photo are images representing a computer circuit board, fiber optic components, and beams of data traveling through a wireless network.
After the Affordable Connectivity Program, home Internet access on tribal lands ticks up
Matthew Gregg | Senior Economist, Center for Indian Country Development H Trostle | Senior Policy Analyst, Center for Indian Country Development
September 10, 2024
Article
In an abstract, computer-generated landscape of wave- or mountain-like structures, a path cuts straight down the middle, from the foreground to a bright area on the horizon. The image is shaded in blue, and a matrix of illuminated dots covers all the surfaces.
Equipping tribes with critical data for economic self-determination
Casey Lozar | Vice President, Director of Center for Indian Country Development
August 12, 2024
Article
CICD Working Paper teal graphic
Agglomeration Spillovers from Native Nations: Evidence from Casino Reopenings
Elliot Charette | Senior Research Assistant, Center for Indian Country Development Matthew Gregg | Senior Economist, Center for Indian Country Development Alice Tianbo Zhang | International Monetary Fund
July 16, 2024
Research
On a partly cloudy day, with the sky in the background, a male steel worker stands on a girder and reaches up for a roof joist or truss that is being lifted into place by a crane. He wears jeans, an orange tee shirt, and a safety harness, and has a welding helmet on his head.
Understanding Native-entity enterprises’ subcontracting relationships
Jacqui Baldwin-LeClair | Policy Analyst, Center for Indian Country Development Ava LaPlante | Research Assistant, Center for Indian Country Development
July 16, 2024
Article
On a sunny day at the Montana State Capitol Tribal Flag Plaza in Helena, flags of the eight federally recognized tribal nations in Montana wave alongside the U.S. and State of Montana flags.
Survey of Native Nations elevates tribal public financing
Caryn Mohr | Senior Writer, Center for Indian Country Development (former) Vanessa Palmer | Data Director, Center for Indian Country Development H Trostle | Senior Policy Analyst, Center for Indian Country Development
July 5, 2024
Article
The Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis building and logo
Economic Impact Beyond Tribal Economies
Event on July 17, 2024
Event
A daytime aerial view of the Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation reservation showing the tribal headquarters in the foreground and the tribe’s casino resort in the background. Both facilities are surrounded by hardwood forest that’s beginning to show autumn leaf colors.
Celebrating Indian Country’s distinctive communities
Caryn Mohr | Senior Writer, Center for Indian Country Development (former)
June 6, 2024
Article
In a meeting room, a mature man in a gray tee shirt attends a charter boat captain training session. A nautical map is spread on the table in front of him, along with a workbook, calculator, navigational tools, and reading glasses. Several other class participants can be seen seated at tables in the background.
Native federal contracting serves communities
Jacqui Baldwin-LeClair | Policy Analyst, Center for Indian Country Development
May 31, 2024
Article
During a small business development class, two Native women are seated together at a table and studying a computer screen. The woman on the right is instructing the other woman, who is looking on, prepared to take notes. Both women are smiling.
Native CDFIs connect Indian Country to credit and capital
Michou Kokodoko | Project Director, Community Development and Engagement
May 10, 2024
Article
Tax code constraints limit tribal tax-exempt bonding
Matthew Gregg | Senior Economist, Center for Indian Country Development John Morseau | Senior Policy Analyst, Center for Indian Country Development
April 25, 2024
Article
CICD Working Paper teal graphic
Fostering Financial Inclusion by Ensuring Cultural Fit: The Case of the NCDFI Industry
Valentina Dimitrova-Grajzl | Virginia Military Institute Peter Grajzl | Washington and Lee University Michou Kokodoko | Project Director, Community Development and Engagement Laurel Wheeler | CICD Research Fellow
April 1, 2024
Research
Change jar labelled
Shedding light on Native American households’ financial stress
Ava LaPlante | Research Assistant, Center for Indian Country Development Vanessa Palmer | Data Director, Center for Indian Country Development
March 20, 2024
Article